Can a debt collector curse at me or use threatening language?
Last updated: 2026-07-11 · Educational content; not legal advice.
Short answer
No. Using obscene, insulting, or profane language against you, and any use or threat of violence or other criminal means to harm your person, reputation, or property, are expressly prohibited unfair debt-collection practices under SEC Memorandum Circular 18 (2019). Beyond the administrative violation, a threat to inflict a wrong that amounts to a crime can be grave threats (Revised Penal Code, Article 282), compelling you to do something against your will by violence or intimidation can be grave coercion (Article 286), and language meant only to annoy, humiliate, or torment you can be unjust vexation (Article 287). Screenshot or log every instance and report it to the SEC.
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Frequently asked
They cursed at me but didn't threaten violence — is that still a violation?
Yes. SEC MC 18 separately bans obscene, insulting, and profane language, regardless of any threat. The abuse alone is a reportable unfair practice, and repeated tormenting language can also be unjust vexation (RPC Art. 287).
They threatened to hurt me or my family — what is that?
A threat to inflict a wrong that would be a crime can be grave threats (RPC Art. 282), a criminal offense you may report to the police or prosecutor in addition to your SEC complaint. Preserve the message.
How do I prove the language?
Screenshot every abusive message with the sender's name/number visible, and note the date and time of abusive calls in writing. For voice calls, avoid secret audio recordings (RA 4200) — rely on your written log and any witnesses.
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Your rights when a lender or collector harasses you, contacts your family, or threatens you — and how SEC MC 18 limits them.