How does CIC credit reporting work and how do I dispute an error?
Last updated: 2026-07-11 · Educational content; not legal advice.
Short answer
Under RA 9510 (Credit Information System Act, 2008), lenders submit your payment history — good and bad — to the Credit Information Corporation (CIC), the central credit registry; you have the right to access your own credit report and to dispute anything erroneous, incomplete, outdated, or misleading in it. When you file a dispute, the CIC investigates, and information that cannot be verified must be corrected or deleted, with you and the accessing entities notified of the correction. You can request your credit report directly from the CIC (individuals are entitled to a free report periodically) to check what lenders see.
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Frequently asked
Can I see my own credit report?
Yes. RA 9510 gives you the right to access your own credit information; individuals are entitled to obtain their CIC credit report (with a free report available periodically). Request it from the CIC or an accredited credit bureau.
How do I dispute a wrong entry?
File a dispute with the CIC over erroneous, incomplete, outdated, or misleading information. The CIC investigates, and data that cannot be verified must be corrected or deleted, with you and the accessing entities notified of the correction (RA 9510).
I paid — why is it still showing as unpaid?
After settlement, the issuer must report the update so the CIC record reflects payment. If it still shows the old status, dispute it with the CIC and attach your certificate of full payment. See /answer/am-i-blacklisted-for-unpaid-credit-card-debt.
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Your rights as a credit-card holder — the BSP interest-rate cap, how interest and fees are computed, the minimum-payment trap, raising rates, cancelling a card, collection harassment, credit reporting (CIC), and why unpaid card debt is civil, not criminal (you cannot be jailed for it).