{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Dataset","name":"State of Philippine Consumer Complaints — LabanPH open dataset","description":"Aggregated, cite-to-public-record figures on Philippine consumer-finance regulator actions, court decisions, and lending/remittance/pawnshop rate landscapes. Compiled by LabanPH.","url":"https://labanph.org/data","creator":{"@type":"Organization","name":"LabanPH","url":"https://labanph.org"},"isAccessibleForFree":true,"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","temporalCoverage":"1930/2026","dateModified":"2026-07-07","data":{"compiledBy":"LabanPH","asOf":"2026-07-07","temporalCoverage":"1930/2026","sourceLibs":["src/lib/publicRecord.ts","src/lib/lenders.ts","src/lib/gps-providers.ts","src/lib/remittance-providers.ts","src/lib/pawnshops.ts","src/lib/padala-rates.ts","src/lib/issues.ts","src/lib/companies.ts"],"regulatorLandscape":{"totalRecords":50,"enforcementAndCourtCount":14,"adverseToCompanyCount":12,"distinctSources":10,"bySource":[{"source":"sec","label":"SEC Philippines","count":12},{"source":"npc","label":"National Privacy Commission","count":10},{"source":"bsp","label":"Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas","count":9},{"source":"supreme-court","label":"Supreme Court of the Philippines","count":8},{"source":"news","label":"News Media","count":6},{"source":"fda","label":"Food and Drug Administration","count":1},{"source":"bir","label":"Bureau of Internal Revenue","count":1},{"source":"fsa-japan","label":"FSA Japan","count":1},{"source":"ojk-indonesia","label":"OJK Indonesia","count":1},{"source":"nbc-cambodia","label":"National Bank of Cambodia","count":1}],"byOutcome":[{"outcome":"neutral","label":"Neutral / informational","count":34},{"outcome":"adverse","label":"Adverse to company","count":12},{"outcome":"favorable","label":"Favorable to company","count":2},{"outcome":"pending","label":"Pending / open","count":2}],"byRecordType":[{"type":"primary-source-document","label":"Primary-Source Document","count":32},{"type":"regulatory-action","label":"Regulatory Action","count":10},{"type":"court-decision","label":"Court Decision","count":4},{"type":"news-incident","label":"Documented Incident","count":4}],"enforcementActions":[{"slug":"atome-sec-advisory-backoffice-2026","title":"SEC advisory warns public against unregistered 'Atome Loan' app operated by Backoffice Associates Philippines","date":"2026-04-01","source":"sec","sourceLabel":"SEC Philippines","outcome":"neutral","outcomeLabel":"Neutral / informational","companySlug":"atome-philippines","recordUrl":"/record/atome-sec-advisory-backoffice-2026"},{"slug":"tala-sec-advisory-fake-tala-2026","title":"SEC advisory warns public against fraudulent Facebook page impersonating Tala Financing Philippines","date":"2026-02-14","source":"sec","sourceLabel":"SEC Philippines","outcome":"neutral","outcomeLabel":"Neutral / informational","companySlug":"tala-philippines","recordUrl":"/record/tala-sec-advisory-fake-tala-2026"},{"slug":"sec-cdo-7-platforms-2025","title":"SEC issues cease-and-desist orders against seven unregistered online lending platforms","date":"2025-08-15","source":"sec","sourceLabel":"SEC Philippines","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"online-lending-philippines","recordUrl":"/record/sec-cdo-7-platforms-2025"},{"slug":"digido-sec-revocation-2025","title":"SEC revokes Digido Finance certificate of authority and primary registration","date":"2025-05-09","source":"sec","sourceLabel":"SEC Philippines","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"digido","recordUrl":"/record/digido-sec-revocation-2025"},{"slug":"mlhuillier-fda-advisory-2025-0017","title":"FDA Advisory 2025-0017 — unregistered M Lhuillier-branded food product","date":"2025-01-01","source":"fda","sourceLabel":"Food and Drug Administration","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"mlhuillier","caseNumber":"FDA Advisory 2025-0017","recordUrl":"/record/mlhuillier-fda-advisory-2025-0017"},{"slug":"cebuana-npc-resolution-2024","title":"NPC Resolution NPC-BN-19-002 — In re PJ Lhuillier Incorporated","date":"2024-05-16","source":"npc","sourceLabel":"National Privacy Commission","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"cebuana-lhuillier","caseNumber":"NPC-BN-19-002","recordUrl":"/record/cebuana-npc-resolution-2024"},{"slug":"npc-pesopop-decision-2023","title":"NPC Decision NPC SS-21-008 — In re Populus Lending Corporation (Pesopop)","date":"2023-09-26","source":"npc","sourceLabel":"National Privacy Commission","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"online-lending-philippines","caseNumber":"NPC SS-21-008","recordUrl":"/record/npc-pesopop-decision-2023"},{"slug":"sc-manila-credit-corp-viroomal-2023","title":"Supreme Court rules 36% per annum interest unconscionable in Manila Credit Corp. v. Viroomal","date":"2023-01-11","source":"supreme-court","sourceLabel":"Supreme Court of the Philippines","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"online-lending-philippines","caseNumber":"G.R. No. 258526","recordUrl":"/record/sc-manila-credit-corp-viroomal-2023"},{"slug":"cashalo-npc-decision-2022","title":"NPC Decision SS-21-005 — In re Oriente Express Techsystem Corporation (Cashalo)","date":"2022-06-16","source":"npc","sourceLabel":"National Privacy Commission","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"cashalo","caseNumber":"NPC SS-21-005","recordUrl":"/record/cashalo-npc-decision-2022"},{"slug":"gms-bir-shutdown-2022","title":"BIR padlocks 10 unregistered Global Mobility Service branches","date":"2022-03-02","source":"bir","sourceLabel":"Bureau of Internal Revenue","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"global-mobility-service-philippines","recordUrl":"/record/gms-bir-shutdown-2022"},{"slug":"juanhand-npc-takedown-2021","title":"NPC orders immediate takedown of JuanHand and three other online lending apps","date":"2021-03-16","source":"npc","sourceLabel":"National Privacy Commission","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"juanhand","recordUrl":"/record/juanhand-npc-takedown-2021"},{"slug":"mlhuillier-sc-tax-2006","title":"Supreme Court companion ruling on pawnshop tax classification","date":"2006-05-03","source":"supreme-court","sourceLabel":"Supreme Court of the Philippines","outcome":"favorable","outcomeLabel":"Favorable to company","companySlug":"mlhuillier","caseNumber":"G.R. No. 166786","recordUrl":"/record/mlhuillier-sc-tax-2006"},{"slug":"mlhuillier-sc-tax-2003","title":"Supreme Court rules in M Lhuillier's favor in pawnshop tax case","date":"2003-07-15","source":"supreme-court","sourceLabel":"Supreme Court of the Philippines","outcome":"favorable","outcomeLabel":"Favorable to company","companySlug":"mlhuillier","caseNumber":"G.R. No. 150947","recordUrl":"/record/mlhuillier-sc-tax-2003"},{"slug":"mlhuillier-nlrc-1998","title":"Supreme Court affirms illegal dismissal finding against predecessor pawnshop","date":"1998-01-28","source":"supreme-court","sourceLabel":"Supreme Court of the Philippines","outcome":"adverse","outcomeLabel":"Adverse to company","companySlug":"mlhuillier","caseNumber":"G.R. No. 105892","recordUrl":"/record/mlhuillier-nlrc-1998"}]},"rateLandscape":{"loans":{"lenderCount":12,"killSwitchCount":1,"killSwitchPct":8,"aprMinPct":7.5,"aprMaxPct":72},"gps":{"providerCount":8,"remoteKillCount":3,"lenderControlledCount":1,"customerOwnedCount":7},"remittance":{"providerCount":10,"sampleSendUsd":200,"fxMarginMinPct":0,"fxMarginMaxPct":2.5,"flatFeeMinUsd":0,"flatFeeMaxUsd":5,"cheapestTotalCostPct":0,"cheapestName":"Sendwave","dearestTotalCostPct":5,"dearestName":"MLhuillier Kwarta Padala"},"pawnshop":{"chainCount":6,"monthlyInterestMinPct":2.5,"monthlyInterestMaxPct":3.5,"appraisalMinPct":60,"appraisalMaxPct":70},"padala":{"sampleAmountPhp":5000,"maxAmountPhp":50000,"mlFeeAtSamplePhp":130,"cebuanaFeeAtSamplePhp":145,"gcashFeePhp":0,"mlMaxFeePhp":350,"cebuanaMaxFeePhp":500,"mlVerifiedAsOf":"2026-01-06","cebuanaVerifiedAsOf":"2026-01-07"}},"issueTaxonomy":{"issueCount":16,"issues":[{"slug":"remote-engine-kill","label":"Remote Engine Kill / MCCS Disable","companyCount":1},{"slug":"tracker-malfunction","label":"GPS Tracker Malfunction","companyCount":1},{"slug":"tracker-not-removed","label":"Tracker Not Removed After Loan Settlement","companyCount":1},{"slug":"unauthorized-gps-data","label":"Unauthorized GPS Data Sharing","companyCount":1},{"slug":"tracker-financial-loss","label":"Tracker-Caused Financial Loss","companyCount":1},{"slug":"remittance-overcharge","label":"Remittance Overcharge / Rate Discrepancy","companyCount":1},{"slug":"pawnshop-undervaluation","label":"Pawnshop Undervaluation","companyCount":1},{"slug":"hidden-fees","label":"Hidden or Undisclosed Fees","companyCount":2},{"slug":"loan-terms-not-disclosed","label":"Loan Terms Not Properly Disclosed","companyCount":1},{"slug":"contact-list-harassment","label":"Contact-List Access / Debt Shaming","companyCount":5},{"slug":"online-lending-high-apr","label":"Excessive / Undisclosed APR (Online Lending)","companyCount":7},{"slug":"abusive-loan-collection","label":"Abusive or Threatening Loan Collection","companyCount":5},{"slug":"bnpl-undisclosed-late-fees","label":"BNPL Undisclosed Late Fees / Interest Charges","companyCount":3},{"slug":"mortgage-cancellation-refusal","label":"Refusal to Release Cancellation of Mortgage","companyCount":12},{"slug":"vehicle-repossession-no-court-order","label":"Vehicle Repossession Without a Court Order","companyCount":1},{"slug":"ewallet-wrong-transfer","label":"Wrong / Unauthorized E-Wallet Transfer","companyCount":0}]},"companyLandscape":{"companyCount":27,"secRegisteredCount":20,"bspRegisteredCount":13,"byVertical":[{"vertical":"loans","count":22},{"vertical":"regulator","count":5},{"vertical":"remittance","count":2},{"vertical":"pawnshop","count":2},{"vertical":"gps","count":1},{"vertical":"insurance","count":1}]},"liveComplaintAggregate":{"totalComplaints":3,"totalDamagesPhp":5092,"coordinatedFilingCount":0,"companiesWithCohorts":[],"asOf":"2026-07-07T11:19:52.799Z"},"volumeCaveat":"Complaint-volume figures (liveComplaintAggregate) are early and growing. They reflect submissions to LabanPH only, are user-stated and unverified, and are not a census of Philippine consumer complaints. All other figures are derived from the curated public-record register and rate-comparator datasets."}}